The collection of characters is called string .
Syntax:
Char name[] = “INDIA”;
The c compiler inserts the NULL(\0) character automatically at the end of the string,so initialization of the NULL character is not essential.
Write a program to display the out when the account of NULL character is not considered.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main (){
char name [6] ={'s','A','N','I','K','A'};
printf("name = %s",name);
}
Output:
name = sANIKA
Write a program to print “WELCOME” “To” “SANIKA” by using different formats of initialization of the array.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main (){
char arr1 [10] = {'W','E','L','C','O','M','E'};
char arr2 [10] = "to";
char arr3 [10] = {{'S'},{'A'},{'N'},{'I'},{'K'},{'A'}};
printf("\nArray1 = %s",arr1);
printf("\nArray2 = %s",arr2);
printf("\nArray3 = %s",arr3);
}
Output :
Array1 = WELCOME
Array2 = to
Array3 = SANIKA
Use the while loop and print out the elements of the character aaray
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main (){
char text [] = "HAVE A NICE DAY";
int i=0;
while(i<=15){
printf("%c",text[i]);
i++;
}
}
Output :
HAVE A NICE DAY
DIFFERENT FOUR TYPES OF STRING
strlen() = Determines length of a string
Strcpy ()= copies a string source to destination .
strcmp() = compares to string.
Strcat ()= Appends source string to destination string.
strlen() function
This function counts the number of characters in a given string .
Write a program to count the number of characters in a given string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main (){
char text [20];
int len;
printf("type the string \n");
gets(text);
len = strlen(text);
printf("Length of the string = %d",len);
}
Output :
type the string
SANIKA
Length of the string = 6
Write a program to read a name through the keyboard .Determine the length of the string and find its equivalent ASCII value.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main (){
char name [20];
int i,len;
printf("enter your name \n");
gets(name);
len = strlen(name);
printf("your name is %s & ",name);
printf("Length of the string = %d",len);
printf("\n name & its ASCII equivalent ");
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
printf("\n %c\t\t%d",name[i],name[i]);
getche();
}
Output :
enter your name
SANIKA
your name is SANIKA & Length of the string = 6
name & its ASCII euivalent
S 83
A 65
N 78
I 73
K 75
A 65
Strcpy () function
This function copies the contents of one string to another
This format of strcpy () is strcpy (s2,s1).
Where
S1 = is source string
S2 = is a destination string
S1 is copied to s2.
Write a program to copy contents of one string to another string by using strcpy().
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main (){
char ori[20],dup[20];
printf("Enter your name : ");
gets(ori);
strcpy(dup,ori);
printf("Original string : %s ",ori);
printf("\nDuplicate string : %s ",dup);
}
Output :
Enter your name : SANIKA
Original string : SANIKA
Duplicate string : SANIKA
3)stricmp() function
This function compares the two string .The characters of the string may be in lowercase or upper case the function does not discriminating between them i.e. this function compares two string without case .
If the string are same it returns zero otherwise non-zero value
Write a program to compare the two strings using the stricmp() function .if the strings are identical display . The two strings are Identical otherwise The strings are different .
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main (){
char sr[10], tar[10];
int diff;
printf("Enter string (1): ");
gets(sr);
printf("Enter string (2): ");
gets(tar);
diff=strcmp(sr,tar);
if(diff==0){
printf("The two strings are indentical ");
}
else{
printf("The two strings are different ");
}
getche();
}
Output:
Enter string (1): HELLO
Enter string (2): hello
The two strings are different
4)strcat() function
This function does nothing but join the two strings .
The format of this string is (text1,text2).
Write a program to join second string at the end of the first string using strcat() function .
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main (){
char text1[20],text2[30];
puts("enter the text 1");
gets(text1);
puts("enter the text 2");
gets(text2);
strcat(text1 ," ");
strcat(text1,text2);
printf("%s",text1);
}
Output :
enter the text 1
I AM
enter the text 2
BEST
I AM BEST
Write a program to concatenate two strings without use of standard function .
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main (){
char name [50],fname[50],sname[50],lname[50];
int i,j,k;
printf("First name\n ");
gets(fname);
printf("Second name\n");
gets(sname);
printf("Last name \n");
gets(lname);
for(i=0;fname[i]!='\0';i++)
name[i] = fname[i];
name[i] = ' ';
for(j=0;sname[j]!='\0';j++)
name[i+j+1] = sname[j];
name[i+j+1] = ' ';
for(k=0;lname[k]!='\0';k++)
name[i+j+k+2] = lname[k];
name[i+j+k+2] = '\0';
printf("\n\n");
printf("FULL NAME \n");
printf("%s",name);
getchar();
}
Output :
First name
SANIKA
Second name
PANDITRAO
Last name
NARWADE
FULL NAME
SANIKA PANDITRAO NARWADE